History has been in the making for more than 400 years, and now we could be one step closer to ultimate sustainability. Princeton scientists have completed a 400-year-old experiment, and all they needed was hydrogen and some waste to achieve the impossible. This discovery could be the breakthrough that mankind and the Earth needed to mitigate climate change. Discover how the Princeton scientists’ experiment can help us make Earth a better and more sustainable planet.
Princeton scientists complete 400-year-old experiment
Mitigating climate change is no easy feat, and its effects are becoming worse by the day. Global warming, caused by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, is increasing Earth’s temperatures. As a result, global weather patterns are changing, with countries experiencing extreme heat or cold, aggravated droughts and storms, which all negatively impact agriculture and ecosystems.
To address the issue, the world is working together to lower its carbon footprint. However, decarbonizing some industries (transport and steel) is difficult, and electrifying them even more so. Fortunately, green hydrogen (produced using renewable energies as power sources) has been identified as a viable source to get the job done. Yet, green hydrogen production requires substantial amounts of pure water, which is becoming more scarce due to global warming.
Princeton scientists have thankfully completed a 400-year-old experiment that will solve this problem. Find out more below.
They only needed hydrogen to achieve the impossible
Philippus Aureolus Paracelsus accidentally discovered hydrogen (then an unknown gas) in 1520. However, its first time used to generate electricity was in approximately 1839. Sir William Robert Grove, a Welsh judge and scientist, engineered the ‘gas voltaic battery’ by combining hydrogen and oxygen. This experiment became the foundation of modern fuel cells.
Now, the technical barriers to hydrogen and energy could be a thing of the past. This year, Prince scientists discovered a way to generate green hydrogen without using scarce pure water. The answer? Using wastewater in electrolysis, of course. Others have tested and tried reclaiming wastewater before, but failed due to magnesium and calcium ions that impede system performance.
Z. Jason Ren, the senior study author, along with PhD student Lin Du and their other co-authors, conducted various in-depth tests to determine that magnesium and calcium block ion transport by forming a solid barrier. Their solution was to add an acidic buffer. This helped to:
- Outcompete other ions
- Maintain ion transport
- Sustain the electrical current
- Enable uninterrupted hydrogen production
The benefits of using waste to gain clean energy
The benefits of using wastewater are tremendous. According to Ren’s team, using reclaimed wastewater reduces water treatment costs by nearly 47%, and the treatment’s energy costs by almost 62%. Furthermore, the electrolysis process lasts a long time. According to Ren:
“It’s expensive to remove all those ions so you have ultrapure water going into the electrolyzer. Now, you can just acidify it a bit, then put ion-containing water into the electrolyzer, and it lasts for more than 300 hours without apparent issues.”
According to the Princeton Engineering website, another benefit is that the acidic buffer is recirculated in the system, which makes it more cost-effective and environmentally beneficial. The scientists’ study and findings have been published in the scientific journal Water Research.
The method is still in its early days, and further research and development will be required before the Princeton scientists’ electrolysis with wastewater can be used on a commercial scale. Ren and his team believe their approach can even be implemented in the use of seawater. As they continue their research, the positive implications it has in store for the planet are endless, especially in meeting AI energy demand while keeping the environmental impact minimal.
